Exam Description : 642-812 BCMSN

Cisco 642-812

Exam is the associated certifications of CCNP CCIP and CCDP.It's full name is BCMSN -

Building Converged Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks : 642-812.

The Building Converged Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks (BCMSN 642-812) is a qualifying

exam for the Cisco Certified Network Professional
href="http://www.certay.com/Cisco/CCNP/63/">CCNP and the Cisco Certified Design

Professional CCDP certifications. The BCMSN 642-812 exam will certify that the successful

candidate has important knowledge and skills necessary to implement scalable multilayer

switched networks. The exam includes topics on Campus Networks, describing and implementing

advanced Spanning Tree concepts, VLANs and Inter-VLAN routing, High Availability, Wireless

Client Access, Access Layer Voice concepts, and minimizing service Loss and Data Theft in a

Campus Network.

Certay 642-812 is written

to coincide with the real test by the experienced IT experts and specialists. With the

complete collection of Questions and Answers, Certay 642-812 is high enough to help the

candidates to pass this exam easily without any other study materials and no need to attend

the expensive training class.

To match the current real test, the technical team from Certay will update the Questions and

Answers for any changes in time, and also we are always accepting the feedbacks about this

exam from our users, in specialty, we will mend the exam pool with the suggestions from

those users who got full scores in this exam, so to perfect Certay
href="http://www.certay.com/Cisco/CCNP/exam-642-812/365/">642-812 exam to make it always

have the best quality!

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and accurate answers since 2001, after all.

Certay Top 30 Certification Exams In May, 2008

Practice materials for IT professionals looking for certification in CCNA, CCNP, CCDP, MCSE, MCDBA, MCSD, MCSA, MCP, CIW, ORACLE, Security+ and A+.
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Certay Top 30 Certification Exams List:
Cisco Certified Network Associate: 640-802
CCIE Routing and Switching Written Exam: 350-001
BSCI - Building Scaleable Cisco Internetworks: 642-901
MCDBA Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Environment: 70-290
BCMSN - Building Converged Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks: 642-812
ISCW - Implementing Secure Converged Wide Area Networks: 642-825
Designing for Cisco Internetwork Solutions: 640-863
MCSA 2003 Implementing Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure: 70-291
ONT - Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks: 642-845
IP Communications Quality of Service (QoS): 642-642
TS: Upgrading MCSE on Wndws Serv 2003 to Wndws Serv 2008: 70-649
Composite: 642-892
Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Implementation & Maintenance: 70-431
MCSE 2003 Security Planning Implementing and Maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 AD Infrastructure: 70-294
SECURITY+ CERTIFICATION EXAM: sy0-101
Network+ Certification Exam : n10-003
VMware Certified Professional on VI3: VCP-310
MCSE 2003 Security Planning and Maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure: 70-293
Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1: 640-822
TS: Exchange Server 2007, Configuring: 70-236
MCSE Installing Configuring and Administering Microsoft Windows XP Professional: 70-270
Troubleshooting Unified Communications (TUC): 642-426
MCSE Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Environment for a W2K MCSA: 70-292
TS: Microsoft Office SharePoint Server 2007, Configuring: 70-630
CompTIA A+ Essentials Exam: 220-601
IP Communications Cisco Voice Over IP: 642-432
Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 2: 640-816
Gateway Gatekeeper(GWGK): 642-453
MCSE 2003 Planning Implementing and Maintaining a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Environment for a W2K MCSE: 70-296
CCIE Voice Written: 350-030
In addtion, Certay offer latest news in Certification field, including new released certification exam, any discount information for any exam, good suggestion or review on certification exam, You can find all information you need through Certay.

Aseptic Technique and Good Cell Culture Practice

Aim
To ensure all cell culture procedures are performed to a standard that will prevent contamination from bacteria, fungi and mycoplasma and cross contamination with other cell lines.

Materials

• Chloros / Presept solution (2.5g/l)


• 1% formaldehyde based disinfectant e.g.Virkon,Tegador


• 70% ethanol in water (Prod. No. R8382)

Equipment

• Personal protective equipment (sterile gloves, laboratory coat, safety visor)


• Microbiological safety cabinet at appropriate containment level


• Cell Culture Plates(6 well plate, 24 well plate, 96 well plate)

Procedure

1. Sanitize the cabinet using 70% ethanol before commencing work.


2. Sanitize gloves by washing them in 70% ethanol and allowing to air dry for 30 seconds before commencing work.


3. Put all materials and equipment into the cabinet prior to starting work after sanitizing the exterior surfaces with 70% ethanol.


4. Whilst working do not contaminate gloves by touching anything outside the cabinet (especially face and hair). If gloves become contaminated re-sanitize with 70% ethanol as above before proceeding.


5. Discard gloves after handling contaminated cultures and at the end of all cell culture procedures.


6. Equipment in the cabinet or that which will be taken into the cabinet during cell culture procedures (media bottles, pipette tip boxes, pipette aids, cell culture plates) should be wiped with tissue soaked with 70% ethanol prior to use.


7. Movement within and immediately outside the cabinet must not be rapid. Slow movement will allow the air within the cabinet to circulate properly.


8. Speech, sneezing and coughing must be directed away from the cabinet so as not to disrupt the airflow.


9. After completing work disinfect all equipment and material before removing from the cabinet. Spray the work surfaces inside the cabinet with 70% ethanol and wipe dry with tissue. Dispose of tissue by autoclaving.


10. Cell culture discard in chloros (10,000) ppm must be kept in the cabinet for a minimum of two hours (preferably overnight) prior to discarding down the sink with copious amounts of water.


11. Periodically clean the cabinet surfaces with a disinfectant such as Presept,Tegador or Virkon or fumigate the cabinet according to the manufacturers instructions. However you must ensure that it is safe to fumigate your own laboratory environment due to the generation of gaseous formaldehyde, consult your on-site Health and Safety Advisor.



Source: Sigma-Aldrich

Cisco Newbie - Start on the CCNA

Want to start getting into routers etc so looking at doing some cisco stuff? Think you need to start on the CCNA? but dont really know where or know of any real books that can teach you this from scratch? Here is a guideline for the Cisco newbies to start on the CCNA.

Q: Looking at doing some cisco stuff?

A: Cisco's Career Certifications & Paths information can be found here.
Cisco also has a CCNA Prep Center -- it might impress you, or it might scare you away -- but worth a look to get an idea of what Cisco makes available.

Only one comment on the prepCenter. When watching the flash, dont take their word when they say that linux is an operating system. One who says that linux is an OS, states that his knowledge of operating systems converging to zero (especially linux based).

Q: Don't really know where or know of any real books that can teach you this from scratch.

A: The books you'll hear the most about around here are:
Sybex - Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide -- by Todd Lammle. Should be on the 5th edition. Great for learning subnetting. Missing some info, but there are one or two new update chapters available for download.
Cisco Press - The CCNA 640-802 books by Wendell Odom. Probably the CCNA Official Exam Certification Library.
You can check out all the Cisco Press Books (and the link to the simulator) at the Cisco Press Web site.
Hands-on practice is important.... but you can get by with the simulator for the CCNA.

Q: Are the exams expensive?

A: The CCNA 640-802 exam is $125.
There is also the 2 exam option (INTRO and ICND). There should be link at the CCNP Prep Center that explains it. I think those are $100 each.

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That should be enough links to keep you busy for the rest of the night.

Source: TechExams

642-845 Exam - IT Certification and Career Paths

CCNP certification validates a network professional's ability to install, configure and troubleshoot converged local and wide area networks with 100 to 500 or more nodes. Network Professionals who achieve the CCNP have demonstrated the knowledge and skills required to manage the routers and switches that form the network core, as well as edge applications that integrate voice, wireless, and security into the network.

The Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks (642-845 ONT) is a qualifying exam for the Cisco Certified Network Professional CCNP?. The ONT 642-845 exam will certify that the successful candidate has important knowledge and skills in optimizing and providing effective QOS techniques for converged networks. The exam topics include implementing a VOIP network, implementing QoS on converged networks, specific IP QoS mechanisms for implementing the DiffServ QoS model, AutoQoS, wireless security and basic wireless management.

Exam 642-845: Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks (ONT)

Related Certifications: CCNP

Exam Topics Include:

1. Describe Cisco VoIP implementations.

2. Describe QoS considerations and strategies.

3. Implement Cisco Auto QoS.

4. Describe DiffServ QoS implementations.

5. Implement Cisco device hardening using Cisco security features

6. Describe and Implement WLAN security and management.

Certay offers free demo for 642-845 exam (CCNP - Implementing Secure Converged Wide Area Networks). You can check out the interface, question quality and usability of our practice exams before you decide to buy it. We are the only one site can offer demo for almost all products.

If you want to try 642-845 exam practice engine demo, download test engine from www.certay.com.

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The Microsoft 70-291 Exam Practice Engine

The Microsoft 2003 Server Exam, 70-291, is one of the core exams of the MCSE and MCSA certification tracks. The exam tests a candidate's knowledge of Windows 2003 networking environments and how to implement a successful Windows Server 2003 network in either existing Windows environments or on totally new networks. The exam features simulation and analysis questions that require the candidate to have a thorough working knowledge of the Windows Server 2003 operating system and the way that a Windows 2003 network operates.About The Microsoft 2003 Server Exam
The Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator (MCSA) on Windows Server 2003 credential is intended for IT professionals who work in the typically complex computing environment of medium to large companies. An MCSA candidate should have 6 to 12 months of experience administering client and network operating systems in environments that have the following characteristics:
250 to 5,000 or more users
Three or more physical locations
Three or more domain controllers
Network services and resources such as messaging, database, file and print, proxy server, firewall, Internet, intranet, remote access, and client computer management
Connectivity requirements such as connecting branch offices and individual users in remote locations to the corporate network and connecting corporate networks to the Internet About The Certay Microsoft 70-291 Exam Practice Engine
Certay offers free demo for 70-291 exam (MCSE 2003 - Implementing Secure Converged Wide Area Networks). We are the only one site can offer demo for almost all products.Give your career a boost and start earning your Microsoft certification today! The Certay 70-291 exam products are designed to maximize your learning productivity and focus only on the important aspects that will help you pass your exam the first time. We provide you with questions and verified answers accompanied by detailed explanations. These questions and answers, supplied by our industry experts, provide you with an experience like taking the actual test and ensure that you fully understand the questions as well as the concepts behind the questions.
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Helpful Information for Cisco Exam 350-001

This article provides helpful information for you to prepare for Cisco exam 350-001, the CCIE Written exam. The CCIE (Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert) certification has historically been the most valued in the area of networking. There are two steps to achieve this valued certification:

• A 100 question written test, which this Cramsession will help to prepare you for
  
• And an intense lab exam, which will test the limits of your technical knowledge

I've compiled a list of study suggestions for 350-001 that you might find useful:

• Print out a copy of the exam 350-001 blueprint from the Cisco website. Use this as the basis of your notes, and don't consider yourself ready for the exam until you are completely comfortable with ALL the topics on the list. The blueprint changes occasionally, but the current version can be found at: Written Exam Blueprint v3.0
  
• Buy a few books. This seems simple enough, but I've found there are two types of books lists for the CCIE - those for the lab and those for the written. They're not the same. For our purposes here, there are two things we want to accomplish with our reading: to quickly get the written out of the way to start the long road to the lab; and to try as much as possible to conserve money and time by finding and reading materials that are applicable to both.
  
• Download sample exams. There are several available, but regardless of which vendor's questions you choose, take advantage of a significant pool of questions, and select products by different authors. The subject matter for this exam is broad, and you want a good selection of material to study from.

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Preparation Guide for Exam 70-290

The Microsoft 2003 Server Exam, 70-290, is one of the core exams of the MCSE, MCSA, and even the MCDBA (Database Administration) certification tracks. The exam is designed to test a candidate’s knowledge of managing a Windows Server 2003 environment. It also tests the candidate’ ability to configure Windows Server 2003 to work with key Windows features and operate efficiently over a Windows network.

We know,this exam costs $125 each attempt.So, you should do your best to pass the MCDBA 70-290 exam.

Certay 70-290 is written to coincide with the real test by the experienced IT experts and specialists. With the complete collection of Questions and Answers, Certay 70-290 is high enough to help the candidates to pass this exam easily without any other study materials and no need to attend the expensive training class.

To match the current real test, the technical team from Certay will update the Questions and Answers for any changes in time, and also we are always accepting the feedbacks about this exam from our users, in specialty, we will mend the exam pool with the suggestions from those users who got full scores in this exam, so to perfect Certay 70-290 to make it always have the best quality!

Certay offers free demo for 70-290 exam (MCDBA - Implementing Secure Converged Wide Area Networks). You can check out the interface, question quality and usability of our practice exams before you decide to buy it. We are the only one site can offer demo for almost all products.

Certay is the online Certification Expert, which provide testking and pass4sure the real questions and correct answers since 2001.

How to Wear Bracelets with Style

Bracelets can enhance an outfit as well as a nicely manicured hand. They're particularly attractive in the summer when you have a sun kissed skin tone which can play up the look of a simple gold bracelet on the wrist. Bracelets are immensely versatile and can give your wardrobe a huge style boost. At my suggestion, Tiffany Bracelet is not a bad choice.

Here's how to wear bracelets with style and panache.

Enhance The Colors Of Your Outfit.

Colored bracelets, particularly lucite ones, are hot for Spring 2008. You'll find them in a brilliant array of colors to complement the bold, graphic color designs being shown for spring. Buy a top in some of the new flattering spring colors along with several lucite bracelets in matching shades. Wear two or three colored lucite bracelets with your top and you'll be right in style for spring.

Show Off Sun Kissed Skin.

Nothing shows off skin gently darkened by the sun (or self tanner if you want to avoid sun damage) than gold bracelets. Keep it simple by playing up your tan with a 14K gold cuff bracelet or one of two gold bangle bracelets. You can even add a delicate, gold ankle bracelet to your ankle when you head out the door in your shorts or casual skirt.

Play Up Your Manicure.

If you just got a manicure and are anxious to show off your hands, choose a colorful bracelet that complements your nail polish or stick with one or two gold or silver bangles to highlight your hands and perfectly shaped nails. After you've spent all that time and money on a manicure, you need to make sure people notice your freshly buffed hands.

Wear A Functional Bracelet.

If you want a bracelet that's more than a bracelet, buy a bangle watch that will not only show off your hands and wrists but will keep you aware of the time. You can find bangle watches at all price levels from high end gold and silver designer bangle watches to fun, casual ones you can wear every day. It's a great alternative to a boring wristwatch.

Make Your Own.

It's super easy to make your own bracelets. Buy stretch cord from your local craft or bead store. Head to a bead store and choose from a colorful array of beads to slide onto the cord. Once you've added your beads, tie two square knots and secure with a drop of Krazy glue to give added strength. Your bracelet is now ready to wear. Watch out! This can become addictive. You'll want a stretch bracelet for every outfit.

Sliver bracelets are suitable for all ages, you can choose the most suitable one from Tiffany Bracelets to show your own style.

And more other tiffany silver jewelry will be found by visiting Tiffanymall.us

You can buy the cheap tiffany jewelry

Tiffany & Co. (NYSE: TIF) is a U.S. jewelry and silverware company founded by Charles Lewis Tiffany and Teddy Young in New York City in 1837 as a "stationery and fancy goods emporium".

This world famous store sells high-quality jewelry, china and crystal. While many items might cause sticker-shock, there are also a selection of less expensive items (key chains, money clips, etc.) that make good great New York City souvenirs. Even if you can't afford to make a purchase, you can make like Holly Golightly from "Breakfast at Tiffanys" and window shop. This is an excellent store for browsing, with so many of the goods in glass displays throughout the store.

However, they provide the jewellery is very expensive,it lets love jewelry's person to shrink back at the sight,But we provide tiffany both are lower than in the market the regular price and to have the very high technical level in the production process.it's all tiffany discount products

Our company was established in 1998 as an import and export company offering brand name products at affordable prices. Partnering with esteemed distributors and trading facilitators across the globe - We've expanded our range of products and span of service to meet the needs of all national and international customers.

To provide the best products and service to our customers at the lowest prices possible. At percent, Tiffany On Sale provides the best Tiffany & Co jewelry, including tiffany Necklaces, tiffany Pendants, tiffany Bracelets, tiffany Earrings, tiffany Accessories, tiffany Rings and tiffany Pocket Mirror.The tiffany necklace has Tiffany & Co. 1837 lock the necklace, Tiffany & Co. 3 opening heart necklace and other tiffany necklace

How to Buy and Care for Tiffany Silver Jewelry

Silver has been used to make jewelry since ancient times, but the exploration of continents in the western hemisphere uncovered more productive silver mines than Europeans had ever seen. More silver has been mined and used since the late 1700's than in all prior centuries combined.

Receiving a gift from Tiffany's is delightful for almost any red-blooded American woman (or gentleman)--a piece of jewelry becomes somewhat of a status symbol when tucked into one of those famous light blue boxes! Even if we deny that status matters, most of us (of at least a certain age) enjoyed watching Audrey Hepburn as Holly Golightly in the film, "Breakfast at Tiffany's" (ca. 1961). Tiffany's (like Audrey Hepburn) is associated with glamour and Americans have been forever fascinated with the glamorous.

Storing Tiffany Sterling Silver Jewelry

Store your Tiffany sterling silver jewelry in tarnish prevention cloths or bags . The treated cloth slows down the tarnishing process and keeps the tiffany jewelry from rubbing against harder jewelry that can scratch it. Try to to keep your tiffany pedants in a cool, dry place.

Cleaning Your Tiffany Silver Jewelry

Clean Tiffany Pendant with a phosphate free detergent. A low abrasive cleaner, such as 3M Tarni-Shield Silver Polish, is a good choice for removing light tarnish. Some people use toothpaste to clean their tiffany pendants, but most silver pendants experts caution against it because they feel toothpaste is too abrasive and leaves dulling scratches.

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My Tiffany Rings

In my mind,rings symbolize unity, love, faithfulness, devotion, and much more. Behind every couple's wedding rings are stories of how they got engaged, wedding memories and unique ideas.

Browse the stunning range of silver rings, you will find the perfect piece of silver jewellery from Tiffany Jewelry. From basics to classics, a unique Tiffany Ring is the perfect gift for that special someone in our life. So, all the fahsion design Rings are very hot sale.

I have a thing for rings. Besides my silver hoop earrings, I think that my next best jewelry investment is my 1837 Tiffany ring. I've had it for around 3 years now and I wear it everyday. It is one of those pretty accessories that matches anything and is perfect for all occasions. It is simple, clean cut and not too overtly Tiffany's (unless you look at it this closely). I love it so much, I even paid $10 to get it cleaned. Unfortunately for me even after the cleaning it didn't look like new. I guess all that banging and clanging from daily wear has finally taken its toll.

So just as a fun exercise, I thought I'd look at more Tiffany rings. They do make great presents. For a more elegant and delicate design, I am loving these two : open heart & closed heart. Though as girly a girl as my girlfriend is, even she find the heart a little bit too girly for daily use (hmm maybe unless it meant something....). The closed heart is more versatile since it really looks more like a oddly shaped bean than a heart.

Even simpler, there is the Cushion (open heart) and the Torque (closed heart). There is no question the versatility here. The Cushion is a little too simple for me (if I'm going to spend that kind of money, I'd like something with a bit more design and effort). I love the twisted design of the Torque, though I do wonder about how comfortable it is with all the odd angles.

So yes, these are my just some of thoughts on Tiffany silver rings. And the best thing about these choices in my opinion is that they are not the typical Tiffany designs. We have enough of those floating around as it is.

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Resuscitation of Frozen Cell Lines

Many cultures obtained from a culture collection, such as ECACC, will arrive frozen and in order to use them the cells must be thawed and put into culture. It is vital to thaw cells correctly in order to maintain the viability of the culture and enable the culture to recover more quickly. Some cryoprotectants, such as DMSO, are toxic above 4oC therefore it is essential that cultures are thawed quickly and diluted in culture medium to minimize the toxic effects.

A schematic diagram of "Resuscitation of Frozen Cell Lines"

Materials

• Media– pre-warmed to the appropriate temperature (refer to the ECACC Cell Line Data Sheet for the correct medium and size of flask to resuscitation into.)
• 70% ethanol in water
• DMSO

Equipment

• Personal protective equipment (sterile gloves, Laboratory coat, safety visor)
• Waterbath set to appropriate temperature
• Glass Bottom Dishes
• Microbiological safety cabinet at appropriate containment level
• CO2 incubator
• Pre labeled flasks
• Marker Pen
• Pipettes
• ELISA plates
• Ampule Rack
• Tissue

Procedure

1. Read Technical data sheet to establish specific requirements for your cell line.
2. Prepare the flasks as appropriate (information on technical data sheet). Label with cell line name, passage number and date.
3. Collect ampule of cells from liquid nitrogen storage wearing appropriate protective equipment and transfer to laboratory in a sealed container.
4. Still wearing protective clothing, remove ampule from container and place in a waterbath at an appropriate temperature for your cell line e.g. 37oC for mammalian cells. Submerge only the lower half of the ampule. Allow to thaw until a small amount of ice remains in the vial - usually 1-2 minutes. Transfer to class II safety cabinet.
5. Wipe the outside of the ampule with a tissue moistened (not excessively) with 70% alcohol hold tissue over ampule to loosen lid.
6. Slowly, dropwise, pipette cells into pre-warmed growth medium to dilute out the DMSO (cell culture flasks prepared in Step 2).
7. Incubate at the appropriate temperature for species and appropriate concentration of CO2 in atmosphere.
8. Examine cells microscopically (phase contrast) after 24 hours and sub-culture as necessary.

Key Points

1. Most text books recommend washing the thawed cells in media to remove the cryoprotectant. This is only necessary if the cryoprotectant is known to have an adverse effect on the cells. In such cases the cells should be washed in media before being added to their final culture flasks. See Protocol 7 for further details.
2. Do not use an incubator to thaw cell cultures since the rate of thawing achieved is too slow resulting in a loss of viability.
3. If a CO2 incubator is not available gas the flasks for 1-2 minutes with 5% CO2 in 95% air filtered through a 0.25m filter.
4. For some cultures it is necessary to subculture before confluence is reached in order to maintain their characteristics e.g. the contact inhibition of NIH 3T3 (Prod. No. 93061524) cells is lost if they are allowed to reach confluence repeatedly.

Scouce: ECACC Handbook Protocol 2

Multiwell Cell Culture Plate Features

An improved surface treatment of the growth zone ensures constant results. Such details have always been favourites with biousing customers. The small bracket on the bottom assures no scraping when the plate is moving on the microscope. The smoothness of biousing cell culture plates is better than most best-selling brands. The absolutely flat floor area, free from inclusions, guarantees the highest level of transparency.

Millipore has introduced a new 24 well cell culture plate which has twice the membrane surface area compared with other 24 well plates, allowing researchers to utilize greater cell mass, which more closely models cell behaviour.

The 24-well Millicell cell culture plates are automation compatible and reduce the risk of monolayer contamination with "footed" membrane plates that remain elevated when disassembled from the feeder tray, and raised-well edges for better tape seating.

In addition, teardrop-shaped receiver wells are designed to eliminate air bubbles as the plates are assembled.

Millipore has also launched a new range of hanging single-well cell culture inserts. These Millicell inserts are available in 6, 24 and 96-well sizes.

Low throughput assays can be performed in the single-well unit and design features include an off-centre insert for easier media addition and removal. Standing inserts also are available.

The new cell culture plate and inserts incorporate track-etched thin film membranes for monolayer formation, microscopically transparent membranes for easy cell visualisation and fluorescent-compatible plastics and membranes.

Both products are designed to support suspension and adherent cell growth and differentiation, and can be used in a variety of cell culture assays and laboratory environments.

biousing’s multiwell cell culture plates (6 Well Cell Culture Plate, 24 Well Cell Culture Plate and 96 well cell culture plates, 96 Well ELISA Plate) are made of crystal polystyrene, conforming to the SBS-3d-standard. The material was deliberately selected to make sure the surface treatment is uniform and long-lasting. The mirror surface is polished by professional machines, which assures high-quality transparency under microscope. Low-evaporation lids ensure the constant concentration of substance in the media and guarantee a controlled gas exchange during a long-time incubation.

Cell Culture Guidelines

Cell culture is an invaluable tool for investigators in numerous fields. It facilitates analysis of biological properties and processes that are not readily accessible at the level of the intact organism. Successful maintenance of cells in culture, whether primary or immortalized, requires knowledge and practice of a few essential techniques.
The purpose of these words are guidelines for cell culture.
At first,you should make sure several questions below
Several factors should be considered before a cell line is put into culture
Are the cells coming from established, well-defined lines?
Are the nutrient and CO2 requirements known?
Are the growth patterns known?
Is the species known?
Has mycoplasma testing been done?
After consideration of all the above, thoughtful planning should be given to other factors
Will the cells be cultured in cell culture dishes, plates, flasks, bioreactors, etc.
Who will do the tissue culture?
Who will prepare, test and maintain stocks of media, regents and supplies?
What volume/number of cells will be required?
The following are general guidelines for culturing cells
If hybridoma cells are received in a cell culture flask (or cell culture dish), information regarding the optimal type of transfer should be available. Once cells can be maintained in one type of culturing vessel, it should be easy to adapt them to other cultureware.
If tumor cells are received it is necessary to know if they are of fibrosarcoma or lymphoma origin. Fibrosarcoma cells will generally be adherent to plastic and require the use of trypsin or EDTA to remove them. Tumor cells also usually require less fetal calf serum in their media.
If cells are received frozen, in an ampule or cryovial, they should be washed free of DMSO prior to culturing.
Establish a routine for the passage/transfer of the cells based on the rate at which they form a monolayer. For example, culture the cells in 2 wells of a 24-well plate. On Monday, cell should be resuspended gently with a pasteur pipet or 1mL pipet and enough cells transferred, dropwise, into duplicate wells of fresh, warmed media so that 4 days later, a monolayer is again observed and the transfer is repeated. It may be useful to determine the cell concentration at various days in culture in order to make projections and appropriate expansions.
If cells require the addition of growth factors, dilutions must be made carefully and good tissue culture technique maintained.
Some cells can easily be adapted to various kinds of media. Adaptation should take place overtime, with adequate post-adaptation analysis of proliferation, secretion, function, etc. During the period of adaptation the original culture should be maintained
Successful culturing of cells requires frequent monitoring of growth, media color, contamination, etc. The greater the familiarity with a cell line, the greater the expectation for a problem-free culture.
You should be careful when using the cell culture dishes(35mm Cell Culture Dishes, 60mm Cell Culture Dishes, 100mm Cell Culture Dishes).

Silver Jewelry Wear Rules

Silver jewelry is a special thing in your daily life. You should find the best way to wear it. Maybe you are very puzzled how to choose a silver jewelry for your cloth. Now there are some rules can help you.

1. Professional clothes should come together with simple\ fine style silver necklace.

2. Leisure clothes should come together with special\ exaggerate style silver necklace.

3. Lovely clothes can come toether with silver bracelet with a little bell. It will let you very happy and lovely.

4. Silver jewelry with colorful man-made stone should go together with young girl.

5. Tibet silver jewelry must not go together with gold\golden jewelry. But different style silver jewelry can wear at the same time.

6. Tibet silver jewelry must not to together with professional cloth. It will let others think you are not professional person.

7. When you attend party or wear the gorgeous dress, you should come together with silver jewelry with diamond or other gem.

8. Silver jewelry will be oxidized and some part will turn to black. Please don't worry about it will affect you image. It looks like retro style. It's another sense of silver jewelry.

9. Silver jewelry belong to fashion things. Please prepare more styles in order to change to wear.

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The Meaning Of Rings And Fingers

Rings are circles. In all cultures the circle is a symbol of unity and eternity, encompassing all. In early cultures, rings were considered magical or sacred through their association with the sun, moon and gods, thus giving protection to the wearer by binding one with power and energy.

Some of the magical mythology of ancient times still influences how and why we wear rings. Kings, priests and healers wore rings on the index finger because that finger was thought to be especially powerful. Medicines were applied to the body with the index finger to give speed and power to their effect. Even today, wearers of healing gemstones wear the rings on the index finger to take the best advantage of the curing energies.

The strongest magical tradition that still holds fast today is the one about the third or ring finger. The ring finger was thought to contain a nerve that went directly to the heart. Wearing a wedding or engagement ring on the ring finger still symbolizes the binding commitment and union of hearts. The Meaning of Fingers When Wearing Rings:

Right Hand vs. Left Hand

In the dual nature of man, the right and left hands are part of his whole being yet represent his twofold conscious and subconscious mind. The left hand (the subconscious) is a reflection of his deeply buried instinct, beliefs and attitudes. The right hand (the conscious) reflects his logic and his awareness. Wearing rings on your left hand could symbolize your unknowing wish to strengthen the powers associated with the finger that wears the ring. Rings on the right hand reflect your desire to control your life and actions.

The Thumb: Will Power

The thumb represents the self. Set apart from other fingers but working in unison with them to give strength to the hand that the others cannot, the thumb symbolized our self in our world. It is associated with logic and will power which govern our actions. Rings on the thumb symbolize freedom and independence of thought and action.

The Index Finger: Authority & Ambition

This finger reflects our need to enhance our ego. The forefinger, throughout history, has represented authority and power. It is associated with leadership and ambition. Kings, priests and healers wore rings on the index finger because that finger was thought to be especially powerful. Nowadays, people wear rings on the index finger as a show of assertiveness.

The Middle Finger: Identity & Materialism

The middle finger is associated with our role in life. Being in the center of the hand, it symbolizes personal identity and those things that are at central to our world. Those wearing rings on the middle fingers are well balanced yet wish to be at the center of attention.

The Ring Finger: Emotion & Creativity

The third finger is associated with affections because it is the one with a direct connection to the heart. It also represents our creativity and artistic self. A wedding or engagement ring on this finger proclaims to the world that the wearer emotions and creative goals are committed to the giver of the ring. If the ring is acquired by the wearer instead of a mate, it symbolizes self worth and a commitment to one personal skills and talents.

Little Finger: Relationships

The little finger is at the opposite end from the thumb. While the thumb symbolizes the inner self, the little finger is associated with others outside of ourselves. It sits on the outside of our hands, facing the world. It is the relationship finger, expressing our attitudes towards other people, sex, and the material world. Rings on the little finger represent confidence and independence in personal and business relationships. Rings here can also express a person attitude about sexuality and how appealing they consider themselves to be.

Tiffany Mall is discount tiffany jewelry online store. We have added about 200 Tiffany Jewelry to the site for our customers. Our mission is to provide the best products (sunch as tiffany rings) and service to our customers at the lowest prices possible.

How To Choose The Right Bracelet

In this article we explain how to choose the right bracelet. Your bracelet could be made in silver or gold, it could be a simple bracelet or be studded with stones and diamonds. Make sure that you know how to evaluate a good bracelet.

Step One

Basic Design: The first thing that you should consider is the basic design of the bracelet. The design should be streamlined without sharp or pointed edges. Sharp edges can not only injure delicate skin, but also get bent or dented easily. The type of mounting used for the diamonds and gemstones in your bracelet will depend on the design. Prongs used to mount gems need to be sturdy and strong. If the gemstones in your bracelet are mounted with thin needle-like prongs, the prongs can get caught in pockets and other places. This causes the prongs to gradually open up, this ofcourse loosens the gemstones which can then drop off. The design dimensions for your bracelet should take the metal weight into consideration. A wide width with low gold or silver weight, will mean that the metal is too thin. This can cause your bracelet to lose shape and get damaged.

Step Two

Metal Weight: The metal weight of the bracelet is another important thing to be checked. Good mounting of the gemstones or diamonds in your bracelet will need sufficient gold or silver weight. There can be no standard weight suitable for all bracelets, much will depend on the design, the number of gems and diamonds, the length and width of the bracelet etc. Looks can be deceptive so pay special attention to the weight of your bracelet. In general you can be sure that, ladies bracelets with a metal weight that is less than 10 grams will not be durable and sturdy. Your jeweller might tell you that, healthy metal weight will make your bracelet appear clumsy and bulky. Stop believing this nonsense, the truth is that the design needs to ensure that the bracelet does not appear bulky. The design for your bracelet should have good metal thickness, this will not be visible from the front of the bracelet. Compromising on the gold or silver weight of your bracelet would also mean that, the links that connect the segments of the bracelet will be weak. This can cause the bracelet to snap, it could then easily fall off your wrist and get lost. So remember that, good metal weight is essential for gold or silver bracelets.

Step Three

Gemstone Options:You should also be given a wide range of gemstone options to select for your bracelet. Many jewellers use whatever few gemstones they have and put a bracelet together. This does not work to your advantage as you are restricted in your choice. You could choose the gemstones in your bracelet based on color, type, birthstone or traditional beliefs. For example, a mother's bracelet could include the birthstone of the mother and all her children. Such family birthstone bracelets can be made only if a wide choice of gems is available. There is ofcourse the issue of budget that you have at your disposal. You might see a gorgeous sapphire bracelet but, the sapphires could drive the bracelet out of your budget. You should be allowed to choose the same bracelet with cheaper gems like, blue topaz, iolite or probably cheaper sapphires. A jeweller with limited access to gems and production facilities will restrict your choice too. There is also the issue of conditions in which your bracelet would be worn. For example, an emerald bracelet needs special care when wearing and storing, this is because of the nature of emeralds. You might pefer the same bracelet design with green tourmaline instead of emeralds. Your jeweller will need to satisfy your requirements and not the other way round.

Step Four

Choose The Metal: The metal for your bracelet will be a component of the price tag, a gold bracelet would add a substantial amount to the price tag. You should therefore have the option to choose gold or silver for your bracelet. Most jewellers are very eager to sell gold bracelets, but will either ignore you are provide you with second grade service if you talk about a silver bracelet. This is sad but true, so look for a jeweller who is willing to make a good quality silver bracelet for you if that is what you want. It is often said and rightly that, a good quality silver bracelet is better than a delicate and light weight gold bracelet. When you choose your silver bracelet remember that, no compromises regarding gemstone choice or craftsmanship need be made. For gold bracelets, you should have the option to select a 14k or 18k bracelet and also choose the gold color. If you are looking for a white gold bracelet, there is no reason why you should be happy with a yellow gold aquamarine bracelet. Jewellers make gold bracelets with low weight, this is done to allow lower price tags. They really don't care what problems these light weight junk will cause you after the payment has been made.

Step Five

Good Craftsmanship: Insist on good craftsmanship for your bracelet, this should be the case for gold or silver bracelets. Bad craftsmanship could also mean loose gemstones and badly connected links. It is true that mass produced bracelets cannot be given individual attention. This is the reason why a custom bracelet could be best for you. Good craftsmanship is essential for ladies and men's bracelets, make sure that your bracelet is well crafted. Good craftsmanship provides more than just good appearance for your bracelet, this will clearly work to your advantage in the longterm.

Tiffany Mall is cheap tiffany jewelry online store. We have added about 200 Tiffany Jewelry to the site for our customers. Our mission is to provide the best products (sunch as tiffany bracelets) and service to our customers at the lowest prices possible.

Tiffany Fashion Jewelry Purchase Common Sense

Tiffany glow with the design of the exquisite dazzling or calm restrained, so that you can feel the culture of Tiffany brand, so the classification is very particular about brands, we can be grading on the main distinction between them and, according to our own demand to choose Tiffany jewelry.

Grade introduced: the hierarchy generally consists TIFFANY: real goods, Genuine; A+, a level; b level; other.

Real Goods is legitimate tiffany store with the sale of the real goods TIFFANY single laboratory;

Genuine refers to the original manufacturer TIFFANY store Availability production mode, and compared the lack of real goods single laboratory report, which is mainly used to export; and real goods Comparatively speaking, the general lack of laboratory report only single, with silver in 92.5 percent above.

A+ international best-selling refers to the TIFFANY products, the price is not high, but production steps, as well as the appearance of the final product are close to authentic.Not necessarily amount of silver up to standard, for the worship of Silver friends not too high, the proposed buy this. Fact to the high volume of silver really unnecessary and people could not see. Suggest that you buy this just general.

A level: bits is a poor place, with an average volume of silver lower number, such as: Will many of the "bread silver" ornaments (this does not ring for the beautiful, But long-time will not change color), in the process of making requests not stringent enough, such as polishing, laser logo, but it is not enough stringent checks, there defective rate is relatively high, the surface may not be entirely smooth, Cheaper prices.

B level refers to some small factories or workshops own family production of the so-called TIFFANY, of course, due to various reasons, the overall quality and quantity of silver have caught up with the front, and some quality really is not bad, but the majority are very difficult to say. If you are luck ,you can and may buy a similar, but in most cases can only feel a loss:)

Genuine: It is now the international market is the most commodity-like tiffany goods, TIFFANY Genuine can buy only a few major cities where the franchise, if scores can buy authentic pieces are deceptive, because not a few hundred pieces of authentic.

A+ goods: This is the best imitation goods, as Tiffany processing requirements for the silver decoration very high, so do the grading here a total of only 30 companies (That we are selling is the one), even as some businesses real goods sold. With its quality is Commodities without distinction, in full accordance with tiffany shape 1:1 manufacturing, materials identical polishing beautifully TIFFANY Lettering, 925 silver signs Fine.

Tiffany Mall is discount tiffany jewelry online store. Our mission is to provide the best products (tiffany necklaces, tiffany pendants,tiffany earrings) and service to our customers at the lowest prices possible.